梁康強(qiáng)1，朱民1，林秀軍1，孫宇2
(1．北京市環(huán)境保護(hù)科學(xué)研究院，北京100037；2．中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)研究院，北京100012)

摘要：采用反滲透膜工藝濃縮沼液，針對(duì)沼液懸浮物顆粒過(guò)大濃度過(guò)高、鈣鎂離子超標(biāo)等問(wèn)題，采取預(yù)處理手段對(duì)反滲透膜片進(jìn)行保護(hù)，以保證系統(tǒng)的產(chǎn)水量和運(yùn)行成本達(dá)到最佳。結(jié)果表明，在自然沉淀、混凝、離心過(guò)濾和濾袋過(guò)濾四種去除懸浮物工藝中，自然沉淀和離心過(guò)濾效果最佳，其出水懸浮物粒徑均在10以下。通過(guò)自然淀時(shí)間優(yōu)化，自然沉淀最佳時(shí)問(wèn)為1天，既能保證出水效果，又能節(jié)省沉淀池容和投資。對(duì)于鈣鎂離子和硫酸根離子結(jié)垢，采用反滲透膜廠家提供配方，并智能化添加阻垢劑，長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)行結(jié)果證明，防結(jié)垢效果較好，平均堿洗周期為120 h，酸洗周期為360 h。
    關(guān)鍵詞：預(yù)處理；沼液；反滲透；膜濃縮
    中圖分類號(hào)：X506；$216．4 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1000一1166(2013)02—0008—04

Pretreatment of Biogas Slurry for Its Concentrating by Reverse Osmosis／LIANG Kang-qian91，ZHU Minl，LIN Xiu-junl，SUN-Yu2／(I．Beijing Municipal Research Academy of Environmental Protection，Beijing 100037，China；2．Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences，Beijing 100012，China)

Abstract：There ale some problems in biogas slurry concentrating by reverse osmosis method，which related to the suspended solid，calcium and magnesium ions in biogas slurry，for the diameter of suspend solid is too long and the concentration is too high，and both calcium and magnesium contents were exceed the standard．Accordingly，the pretreatment process protecting the reverse osmosis membrane is put forward in this paper SO as to ensure the maximunl water production and least operation cost．The results showed that，among the methods of natural precipitation，coagulation，centrifugal filter and bag filter pmcesse，the natural sedimentation and centrifugal filtration had the best effectiveness，for the particle size of SUS．pended solids in pretreated biogas slurry was smal]er than 10 Ixm．Through optimization，the best precipitation period was 1 day．In this way，not only the water production could be guaranteed，but also sedimentation tank volume could be smaller and investment cost could be lower．As for the calcium，magnesium and sulfate ion scaling，formula was provided by osmosis membrane manufacturers and intelligent scaling inhibitor Was added．The long-term operation results showed well anti· scaling performance．The average 8lkali—wash cycle was 120h and pickling cycle was 360 h．
    Key words：pretreatment；biogas slurry；reverse osmosis；concentration；membrane method

1前言
    針對(duì)沼氣工程中沼液產(chǎn)量大、處理成本高、儲(chǔ)存運(yùn)輸困難和營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)含量偏低等問(wèn)題，提出采用高耐污反滲透技術(shù)對(duì)沼液進(jìn)行濃縮。膜分離是在分子范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行分離，同時(shí)以壓力為推動(dòng)力，裝置簡(jiǎn)單，操作容易，控制、維修方便。沼液濃縮的要求和膜分離的特點(diǎn)使得膜分離工藝成為沼液濃縮的不二選擇。

    反滲透濃縮沼液預(yù)處理試驗(yàn)研究