王峰嚴瀟南楊海真
(同濟大學污染控制與資源化研究國家重點實驗室，上海200092)

【摘要】為解決雞場沼氣工程沼液后續(xù)處理問題，以某養(yǎng)雞場沼氣工程全混式發(fā)酵池出水沼液處理為例．研究雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液的達標處理工藝。從雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液的特點出發(fā)，采用生化法與物化法相結(jié)合工藝處理沼液．并考查了3種不同組合的工藝處理效果。先以小試試驗確定工藝最佳運行參數(shù)，再中試運行考查工藝的處理效果。結(jié)果表明：采用鳥糞石一SBR一混凝工藝處理雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液，沼液COD“由9 200 m∥L降至280 ms／L，NH；一N由3 200 n3Ig／L降至36 mg／L，TP由270 mg／L降至3．3 m∥L，達到畜禽養(yǎng)殖業(yè)污染物排放標準(GB 18596—2001)；對于雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液中NH[．N的去除，直接采用SBR處理，微生物會受到游離氪抑制，NH?-N去除率不足30％，生化處理前必須采用預(yù)處理降低NH4*．N負荷；雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液生化性良好，但仍含有一定量難降解COD。采用生化處理結(jié)合物化工藝進行深度處理可以以較低成本實現(xiàn)達標排放。
    關(guān)鍵詞：雞糞、沼液、厭氧發(fā)酵、達標處理
    中圖分類號：X703；$216．4 文獻標識碼：A 文章編號：1000—1298(2012)05-0084-07

Treatment Process of Anaerobically Digested Effluent of Chicken Manurefor Meeting the Discharging Standard
    Wang Feng Yan Xiaonan Yang Haizhen
    (State Key Laboratory ofPollution Control and Resource Reuse，死倒Unitary。Shanghai 200092，Ch／na)

Abstract：To solve subsequent treating problems of chicken farm biogas project slurry，a research was carried out on treatment processes of anaerobically digested effluent of chicken manure for meeting the discharging standard--a case study of treatment of CSTR fermentation tank effluent of a biogas project．Based on the characteristics of anaerobically digested effluent of chicken manure，bio—chemical treatment combined with physical—chemical process was used to treat the biogas slurry．In addition，effects of three different processes combination method were investigated．First，bench scale experiment was carried out to determine the optimal operation parameters，and then pilot scale devices were introduced to examine theeffect of the process．Results showed when using struvite—SBR—coagulation process treating anaerobically digested effluent of chicken manure，CODc，decreased from 9 200 mg／L tO 280 mg／L，NH4*-N decreased from 3 200 mg／L to 36 mg／L，TP decreased from 270 mg／L tO 3．3 mg／L，finally the effluent met the standard GB 18596--2001．To remove NH4-N in chicken manure slurry，pretreatment is essential．Because of inhibition of free ammonia to microorganism，NH4"一N removal rate is less than 30％while using SBR directly treating chicken manure slurry．Biodegradability of anaerobically digested effluent of chicken manure is good，but the amount of refractory CODc。is considerable．Using bio—chemical treatment combined with physical·chemical advanced process can meet the discharging standard with lower cost．
    Key words :Chicken manure，Biogas slurry，Anaerobic fermentation，Up-to—standard treatment

引言
    利用沼氣技術(shù)處理畜禽糞污，既可治理環(huán)境，又能實現(xiàn)廢物資源化，因而我國大中型沼氣工程出現(xiàn)了前所未有的增長勢頭，但沼氣產(chǎn)生后的厭氧發(fā)酵液(沼液)處理成為需要解決的問題…。對于畜類養(yǎng)殖場的發(fā)酵工程，沼液的處理已有不少成功案例，沼液達標處理技術(shù)基本成熟¨“J。而禽類動物與畜類不同，以雞為例，雞的消化道僅為體長的7倍，飼料在消化道內(nèi)停留時間比較短(4 h)，因此，雞對飼料的消化吸收率很低，雞糞中含有豐富的養(yǎng)分，尤其粗蛋白質(zhì)較多∞j。雞糞的特性導(dǎo)致了雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液與畜類養(yǎng)殖場沼液的差別。
    雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液的COD。NHf-N負荷是豬糞沼液的數(shù)倍，污染物負荷的增大導(dǎo)致了處理難度的大幅提升。目前國內(nèi)還沒有雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液達標處理研究的報道。本文以上海市浦東新區(qū)某養(yǎng)雞場沼氣工程全混式發(fā)酵池出水沼液處理為例，研究雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液的達標處理工藝。

雞糞厭氧發(fā)酵沼液達標處理工藝研究